|
|
|
| Bioinformatics Analysis and Expression Regulation of Chicken (Gallus gallus) FADS Gene Family |
| ZHANG Ding-Ding, LI Zhuan-Jian, HAN Rui-Li, WANG Yang-Bin, LI Guo-Xi, LIU Xiao-Jun, TIAN Ya-Dong, SUN Gui-Rong, KANG Xiang-Tao*, LI Hong* |
| College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University/Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry, Zhengzhou 450002, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Fatty acid desaturases (FADS) play an important role in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and their expressions are affected by many factors. Bioinformatics softwares were used to systematically analyze the collinearity, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, conserved motifs and functional domains of chicken (Gallus gallus) FADS gene family members. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was adopted to analyze the spatio-temporal expression of FADS gene family. The effects of estrogen and trophic factor on the expressions of the FADS gene family members in vivo were also investigated. The research results showed that FADS3 gene might not exist or annotated in poultry, while FADS1L1 and FADS1L2 were only found in poultry. The FADS6 located chromosome segment region was conserved among species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the FADS6 genes of different species were clustered into one branch, and other members were clustered into another branch. The gene structure analysis and conserved motif analysis showed that the FADS6 gene was greatly different from other members of the family in exon number and the composition of conserved motif among species. The protein domain prediction results indicated that except FADS6, FADS1, FADS2, FADS1L1 and FADS1L2 genes owned the same functional structural domain. The tissues expression analysis showed FADS gene family members were widely expressed in different tissues. FADS1, FADS2 and FADS6 were relative highly expressed in the liver, FADS1L1 in the pectoral muscle. and FADS2L2 in the pancreas. The expression of FADS gene family in the liver of hens at the 30-week-old was significantly higher than that at 20-week-old (P<0.05). In vivo assays displayed that 17β-estradiol could significantly up-regulate the expressions of FADS1, FADS2 and FADS1L1 in chicken liver (P<0.05); and the addition of 8% soybean oil in the basal diet could significantly increase the expression of FADS2 in the chicken liver (P<0.05). In summary, this study comprehensively and systematically analyzed the biological characteristics of FADS gene family, and the effects of 17β-estradiol and soybean oil on their expressions which laid a foundation for further studying on the mechanism of FADS gene family.
|
|
Received: 01 July 2019
|
|
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
*lihong19871202@163.com; xtkang2001@263.net
|
|
|
|
[1] 蔡双莲, 李敏. 2003. 多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展[J]. 生命科学研究, 7(4): 289-292.
(Cai S L, Li M.2003. Advances in polyunsaturated fatty acids[J]. Life Science Research, 7(4): 289-292.)
[2] 曹俊明. 1997. 哺乳动物脂肪酸去饱和酶及其活性调节[J]. 中山大学学报论丛, (1): 26-30.
(Cao J M. 1997. Mammalian fatty acid desaturase and its activity regulation[J]. Supplement of Journal of Sun Yatsen University, (1): 26-30.)
[3] 蒋汉明, 张凤珍, 翟静, 等. 2005. ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸与人类健康[J]. 预防医学论坛, 11(1): 65-69.
(Jiang H M, Zhang F Z, Zhai J, et al.2005. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and human health[J]. Preventive Medicine Forum, 11(1): 65-69.)
[4] 吴时敏, 裘爱泳, 吴谋成. 2001. 胎儿、婴幼儿的功能性多不饱和脂肪酸需要概况[J]. 中国乳品工业, 29(3): 21-23.
(Wu S M, Qiu A Y, Wu M C.2001. Functional polyunsaturated fatty acids in development of fetuses and infants[J]. Chinese Dairy Industry, 29(3): 21-23.)
[5] 夏中生, 邹彩霞, 卢洁, 等. 2003. 饲喂不同油脂对黄羽肉鸡肌肉组织中脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 35(7): 13-16.
(Xia Z S, Zhou C X, Lu J, et al.2003. Effects of different feeding oils sources on fatty acid composition of lipids in muscle of yellow feather chickens[J]. Livestock and Veterinary, 35(7): 13-16.)
[6] 邹彩霞. 2002. 富含多不饱和脂肪酸和低胆固醇鸡肉的研究[D]. 硕士学位论文, 广西大学, 导师: 夏中生, pp. 33-35.
(Zhou C X.2001. Study on polyunsaturated fatty acids and low cholesterol chicken meat[D]. Thesis for M.S., Guangxi University. supervisor: Xia Z S, pp. 33-35.)
[7] Calder P C.2012. Mechanisms of action of (n-3) fatty acids[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 142(3): 592S.
[8] Chilliard Y, Ferlay A, Rouel J, et al.2003, A review of nutritional and physiological factors affecting goat milk lipid synthesis and lipolysis[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 86(5): 1751-1770.
[9] Christiansen E N, Lund J S, Rørtveit T, et al.1991. Effect of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on fatty acid desaturation in rat liver[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, 1082(1): 57-62.
[10] Contreras M A, Rapoport S I.2002, Recent studies on interactions between n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain and other tissues[J]. Current Opinion in Lipidology, 13(3): 267-272.
[11] Driscoll M D, Sathya G, Muyan M, et al.1998. Sequence requirements for estrogen receptor binding to estrogen response elements[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273(45): 29321-29330.
[12] Engberg R M, Hedemann M S, Leser T D, et al.2000. Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal microflora and performance of broilers[J]. Poultry Science, 79(9): 1311-1319.
[13] Klein-Hitpass L, Ryffel G U, Heitlinger E, et al.1988. A 13 bp palindrome is a functional estrogen responsive element and interacts specifically with estrogen receptor[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 16(2): 647-663.
[14] Kumar V, Chambon P.1988. The estrogen receptor binds tightly to ITS responsive element as a ligand-induced homodimer[J]. Cell, 55(1): 145-156.
[15] Li H, Wang T, Xu C, et al.2015. Transcriptome profile of liver at different physiological stages reveals potential mode for lipid metabolism in laying hens[J]. BMC Genomics, 16(1): 763-775.
[16] Lombardi V R M, Cagiao A, L. Fernández-Novoa, et al.2001. Short term food supplementation effects of a fish derived extract on the immunological status of pregnant rats and their sucking pups[J]. Nutrition Research, 21(11): 1425-1434.
[17] Malerba G, Schaeffer L, Xumerle L, et al.2008. SNPs of the FADS gene cluster are associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids in a cohort of patients with cardiovascular disease[J]. Lipids, 43(4): 289-299.
[18] Mcmurray D, Jolly C, Chapkin R.2000. Effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on T cell activation and T cell receptor-mediated signaling in a murine model[J]. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 182(s1): S103-S107.
[19] Mimouni V, Poisson J P.1990. Spontaneous diabetes in BB rats: Evidence for insulin dependent liver microsomal delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activities[J]. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 22(08): 405-407.
[20] Mirshekar R, Boldaji F, Dastar B, et al.2015. Longer consumption of flaxseed oil enhances n-3 fatty acid content of chicken meat and expression of FADS2 gene[J]. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 117(6): 810-819.
[21] Nakamura M T, Nara T Y.2004. Structure, function, and dietary regulation of delta6, delta5, and delta9 desaturases[J]. Annual Review of Nutrition, 24(6): 345-376.
[22] O'Hea E K, Leveille G A.1969. Lipid biosynthesis and transport in the domestic chick (Gallu domesticus)[J]. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology, 30(1): 149-159.
[23] Oudart H, Groscolas R, Calgari C, et al.1997. Brown fat thermogenesis in rats fed high-fat diets enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids[J]. International Journal of Obesity, 21(11): 955-962.
[24] Periago José, Pita María, Sanchez del Castillo María, et al.1989. Changes in lipid composition of liver microsomes and fatty acyl-CoA desaturase activities induced by medium chain triglyceride feeding[J]. Lipids, 24(5): 383-388.
[25] Poisson J P G, Cunnane S C.1991. Long-chain fatty acid metabolism in fasting and diabetes: Relation between altered desaturase activity and fatty acid composition[J]. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2(2): 60-70.
[26] Pompos L J, Fritsche K L.2002. Antigen-driven murine CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production are diminished by dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 132(11): 3293-3300.
[27] Schenkman J B, Jansson I.2003. The many roles of cytochrome b5[J]. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 97(2): 139-152.
[28] Schneider W J, Osanger A, Waclawek M, et al.1998. Oocyte growth in the chicken: Receptors and more[J]. Biological Chemistry, 379(9): 965-971.
[29] Silberberg M, Silberberg R.1949. Some aspects of the role of hormonal and nutritional factors in skeletal growth and development[J]. Growth, 13(4): 359-368.
[30] Tanabe Y, Nakamura T, Tanase H, et al.1981. Comparisons of plasma LH, progesterone, testosterone and estradiol concentrations in male and female chickens (Gallus domesticus) from 28 to 1141 days of age[J]. Endocrinologia Japonica, 28(5): 605-613.
[31] Tarugi P, Ballarini G, Pinotti B, et al.1998. Secretion of apoB- and apoA-I-containing lipoproteins by chick kidney[J]. Journal of Lipid Research, 39(4): 731-743.
[32] Toran-Allerand C D.2000. Novel Mechanisms of Estrogen Action in the Developing Brain[M]// Biology of Menopause. Springer New York, pp. 91-102.
[33] Vision T J, Brown D G, Tanksley S D.2000. The origins of genomic duplications in Arabidopsis[J]. Science, 290(5499): 2114-2117.
[34] Williams J, Harvey S.1986. Plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone growth hormone, oestradiol, testosterone and androstenedione in the domestic hen from 6 weeks of age to sexual maturity[J]. Reproduction Nutrition Development, 26(2A): 515-522. |
|
|
|
