Abstract MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of non-coding small RNAs of about 20~24 nucleotides in length that are produced in vivo, and play an important role in plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress responses. As a sessile growth plant, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cannot be moved like an animal to obtain the energy needed for growth and development and to avoid adverse environmental factors. Therefore, it is necessary to have its own special physiological mechanisms such as: Initiation of control of key gene expression related to chlorophyll to promote growth and development, initiation of defense-related key gene expression in response to stress, and many miRNA participate in related processes. Recent studies have shown that many biological processes in plants are regulated by miRNA, including cell maintenance and differentiation, growth and development, signal transduction, and response to environmental stress. The expression level of plant miRNA changes with environmental factors. By regulating the expression of their corresponding target genes, miRNA can make plants adapt to the environment both physiologically and morphologically. In this paper, recent advances in miRNA-mediated tobacco stress response to drought, salt, nutrients, temperature and disease stress, as well as tobacco growth and development, The mechanism and prospects for future research on tobacco miRNA.
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