Abstract As one of most cutting-edge technologies of life science, synthetic biology has great potential to develop into valuable applications in several research fields such as medical science, pharmaceuticals, chemical industry, agricultural science, biofuels, bio-materials and bioremediation. However, it may also bring up potential risks, which attracts great attentions from not only research community but also the society at large. This paper will first review how the concept of synthetic biology has developed; the potential risks and biosafety concerns raised from its research and applications; and the existing regulatory frameworks from the key players of synthetic biology around the world. Based on this knowledge, we will conduct a comprehensive analysis on the potential implications of synthetic biology on the human and environment.
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