Effects of Different Initial Feeding on Gut Microbiota Structure of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) During Early Development
FAN Zi-Jian1,2, ZHANG Zi-Yue2, CAO Jian-Meng2,3, YI Meng-Meng2,3, GAO Feng-Ying2,3, KE Xiao-Li2,3, LIU Zhi-Gang2,3, WANG Miao2,3*, LU Mai-Xin2,3*
1 College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2 Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou 510380, China; 3 Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
Abstract Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most important commercial freshwater fish in China. Understanding the effect of different initial feeding on the intestine microbiota of tilapia can provide a basis for the scientific cultivation of tilapia fry. This study aimed to explore the influence of different initial feeding on the morphology and the structure of microbial community of tilapia gut. All female fry of 11 days post-fertilization (dpf) were fed with 3 diets for 20 d, including Artemia salina (FA group), high protein artificial diet (protein level=25.5%) (FH group), and low protein artificial diet (protein level=16%) (FL group). The samples were collected on 11 (before feeding), 20 and 30 dpf, respectively. The results showed the survival rate of tilapia fry in FL group was significantly different from that in FA and FH group (P<0.05), with the highest value in group FA ((98.00±0.54)%) and the lowest value in group FL ((92.00±1.50)%). The results of intestinal histology showed that the folds were damaged and sparsely arranged in the fish intestine of the group FL. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the abundance and the diversity of intestinal microbiota in the group FA at 20 dpf were the lowest, the abundance of intestinal microbiota in the group FL at 30 dpf and the diversity of intestinal microbiota in the group FA at 30 dpf were the highest. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria was the dominant microbiota in the intestine of tilapia fry in FA, FH, and FL group, whereas Rhodobacter and Gemmobacter were dominated at the genus level. Compared with groups FH and FL, the relative abundance of Rhodobacter and Cetobacterium in group FA was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with group FA and FL, the relative abundance of Aeromonas and Pseudomonas in group FH was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with groups FA and FH, the relative abundance of Shinella and Brevifollis in group FL was significantly increased (P<0.05). The above results showed that, compared with the formulated feed, A. salina feeding could improve the survival rate of tilapia fry, improve the intestinal tissue structure, and have a beneficial effect on the intestinal microflora structure; The survival rate of tilapia in the high-protein diet group was significantly higher than that in the low-protein diet group, and there was no significant difference from the A. salina group, which could be used as initial feeding for tilapia. This study provides basic data for the selection of tilapia initial feeding.
FAN Zi-Jian,ZHANG Zi-Yue,CAO Jian-Meng, et al. Effects of Different Initial Feeding on Gut Microbiota Structure of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) During Early Development[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2023, 31(5): 1032-1042.
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