|
|
Cloning and Expression Analysis of Bra1 Gene in Brachypodium distachyon |
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2 |
1. 2. Jiangsu University
|
|
|
Abstract Feruloyl transferase is one of the key enzymes responsible for transferring ferulic acid from ferulic acid CoA to arabinolxylan molecules, which plays a key role in the connection between arabinoxylan and lignin molecules. Therefore, ferulolyl transferase is closely related to the formation of anti-degradation barrier in plant cell wall. In this study, the cDNA sequence of Bra1 (PlantGDB No.: 5g14720) gene in Brachypodium distachyon was cloned by qRT-PCR technique, and the length of which was up to 1 369 base pairs. The open reading frame (ORF) of Bra1 gene encoded a deduced protein with 443 amino acid residues, with a theoretical molecular weight of 48.45 kD. The prokaryotic expression and mass spectrometry analyses further confirmed that the gene can encode the protein correctly, and the molecular weight was consistent with the theoretical value. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the amino acid sequence of Bra1 protein contained a HXXXD domain and a DFGWG conserved domain that were unique to the BAHD acyltransferase family, as indicated that Bra1 protein was a member of BAHD acyltransferase family. The phylogenetic analysis of 89 BAHD acyltransferases in Brachypodium distachyon suggested that these acyltransferases could roughly be divided into four subfamilies, each of them containing several small groups, and the Bra1 protein (subfamily I) did not belong to the same subfamily as the other previously characterized BAHD acyltransferases (subfamily Ⅲ) whose functions were mainly related to the metabolism of p-coumalic acid (p-CA), and thus, Bra1 protein may be different in function from those BAHD acyltransferases. In addition, the expression profiles of 10 BAHD acyltransferase genes in the subfamily Ⅲ and the subfamily I which was far related to the subfamily Ⅲ were analyzed by the qRT-PCR, and the results showed that the Bra1 gene was with a higher and more stable expression compared with other genes, and furthermore the expression of Bra1 gene in the mature stem, leaf and spike were almost twice as high as that in young tissues, and its expression character was consistent with the accumulation of ferulic acid (FA) in Brachypodium distachyon suggesting that the Bra1 gene may be involved in regulating the cross-linked reaction mediated by ferulic acid in plant cell walls. This study provides important data for the identification of biological function of Bra1 gene as well as for the development and utilization of grass energy crops and the recycle utilization of crop straw biomass.
|
Received: 08 March 2018
Published: 26 September 2018
|
|
|
|
[1]任双丰.2011.植物半纤维素单糖组成对生物质降解转化的影响[D]. 硕士学位论文, 华中农业大学, 导师: 彭良才. pp. 8-9. (Ren S F. 2011. Characterization of hemicellulose structures that affect biomass degradation in energy plant[D]. Thesis for M.S., Huazhong Agricultural University, Supervisor: Peng L C, pp. 8-9.)[2]李大鹏.2005. 苹果醇酰基转移酶基因MdAAT2参与酯类香气合成调控机理的研究[D]. 博士学位论文, 山东农业大学, 导师: 李德全, 束怀瑞. pp. 67-99. (Li D P. 2005. Expression characterization of the MdAAT2 gene and its regulation mechnism of volatile ester biosynthesis in Apple (ev.Golden Delicious)[D]. Thesis for Ph.D., Shandong Agricultural University, Supervisor: Li D Q, Shu H R, pp. 67-99.)[3]曹颖, 胡尚连, 张慧莹, 等.2012. 番茄醇酰基转移酶基因SlAAT1克隆、序列分析和原核表达[J]. 植物研究, 32(6):731-736. (Cao Y, Hu S L, Zhang H Y, et al. 2012. Cloning, Sequence analysis and prokaryotic expression of an alcohol acyltransferase ( AAT) gene in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum)[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 32(6):731-736.)[4]刘偲, 曾祥玲, 郑日如, 等.2016. 桂花花瓣醇酰基转移酶基因的克隆与表达[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 35(1):36-42.(Liu C, Zeng X L, Zheng R R, et al. 2016. Cloning and expression of the the alcohol acyltransferase gene form Osmanthus flowers. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University. 35(1):36-42).[5]Bartley L E, Peck M L, Sungryul K, et al.2013. Overexpression of a BAHD acyltransferase, OsAT10, alters rice cell wall hydroxycinnamic acid content and saccharification[J]. Plant Physiology, 161(4):1615-1633.[6]Devaiah S P, Requesens D V, Chang Y K, et al.2013. Heterologous expression of cellobiohydrolase II (Cel6A) in maize endosperm[J]. Transgenic Research, 22(3):477-488.[7]Gou J Y, Yu X H, Liu C J.2009. A hydroxycinnamoyltransferase responsible for synthesizing suberin aromatics in Arabidopsis[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 106(44):18855-18860.[8]Harholt J, Bach I C, Lindbouquin S, et al.2010. Generation of transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accumulating heterologous endo-xylanase or ferulic acid esterase in the endosperm[J]. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 8(3):351-362.[9]Lam T B, Kadoya K, Iiyama K.2001. Bonding of hydroxycinnamic acids to lignin: ferulic and p-coumaric acids are predominantly linked at the benzyl position of lignin, not the beta-position, in grass cell walls[J]. Phytochemistry, 57(6):987-982.[10]Luo J, Fuell C, Parr A, et al.2009. A novel polyamine acyltransferase responsible for the accumulation of spermidine conjugates in Arabidopsis seed[J]. Plant Cell, 21(1):318-333.[11]Manjasetty B A, Yu X H, Panjikar S, et al.2012. Structural basis for modification of flavonol and naphthol glucoconjugates by Nicotiana tabacum malonyltransferase (NtMaT1)[J]. Planta, 236(3):781-793.[12]Markwalder H U, Neukom H.1976. Diferulic acid as a possible crosslink in hemicelluloses from wheat germ[J]. Phytochemistry, 15(5):836-837.[13]Molinari H B C, Pellny T K, Freeman J, et al.2013. Grass cell wall feruloylation: distribution of bound ferulate and candidate gene expression in Brachypodium distachyon[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4(3):50.[14]Petrik D L, Karlen S D, Cass C L, et al.2014. p-Coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) acts specifically in the lignin biosynthetic pathway in Brachypodium distachyon[J]. Plant Journal for Cell & Molecular Biology, 77(5):713-726.[15]Piston F, Uauy C, Fu L, et al.2010. Down-regulation of four putative arabinoxylan feruloyl transferase genes from family PF02458 reduces ester-linked ferulate content in rice cell walls[J]. Planta, 231(3):677-691.[16]Wilkerson C G, Mansfield S D, Withers S, et al.2014. Monolignol ferulate transferase introduces chemically labile linkages into the lignin backbone[J]. Science, 344(6179):90-93.[17]Withers S, Lu F, Kim H, et al.2012. Identification of grass-specific enzyme that acylates monolignols with p-coumarate. Journal of Biological Chemistry[J], 287(11):8347-8355. |
|
|
|