|
|
Muscle Nutritional Composition Analysis of F2 Generation Carp (Cyprinus carpio) with Microinjection of Chinese Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) Genes |
|
|
Abstract Abstract In order to study the feasibility of injecting Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) total DNA into common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and its effects on muscle nutritional composition of experimental carp, total DNA of Chinese shrimp was fragmented and injected into oosperm of common carp to breed a batch of microinjection offspring. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) detection showed that all F2 generation of microinjection contained exogenous gene fragments from the total DNA of Chinese shrimp genome. Furthermore, PCR experiments were conducted using E-AAG and M-CTC primers to detect the Chinese shrimp DNA fragments, which presence in F2 generation of microinjection carp, but absent in control group of carps. Results showed that Chinese shrimp gene fragments had been incorporated into the genome of microinjection carp offspring and can be stably transmitted to the progeny generation. Based on the confirmation of genetic stability of exogenous gene, nutrient content and metal content were tested in the muscle of F2 generation. The results showed that crude protein, fat content and ash content in muscle of microinjection carp showed significant difference in that of control carp. Crude protein content was 18.37% in microinjection carp and 16.49% in control carp, respectively. Fat content was 2.49% in microinjection carp, and it was lower than 3.51% in control carp. Ash content was 1.17% in microinjection carp, and it was higher than 1.05% in control carp. Total amino acid content was 79.92% and 74.16% in microinjection carp and control carp, respectively. Of which, glutamic acid was the highest amino acid in all the 17 tested amino acids, accounting for 16.60% and 16.22% of the total amino acid, with a percentage of 13.27% and 12.03% in microinjection carp and control carp, respectively. The top 5 amino acids in microinjection carp were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine and alanine, which were consistent with that in control carp. These results suggested that there was no differences in amino acid composition between microinjection carp and common carp. The delicious amino acid was 31.16% in microinjection carp, and it was 28.04% in control carp, accounting for 38.99% and 37.81% of the total amino acid, separately. In addition, tryptophan, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine and lysine were another 7 essential amino acids in 18 amino acids. The essential amino acid content was 31.5% and 29.54% in microinjection carp and control carp, accounting for 39.41% and 39.83% of total amino acids, respectively. The limited amino acid was valine in both microinjection carp and control carp. Above all, microinjection carp had certain advantages in nutrients when compared to common carp. Amino acid score (AAS), chemical score (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI) were computed by converting the amino acid content into amino acid weight per gram of nitrogen following by the standard evaluation of protein made by FAO/WHO and the amino acid pattern of egg protein. The content of heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Cr, Hg, Cd and Pb in both microinjection carp and common carp met the requirements of relevant food safety standards. This study provides a basis for the commercialization of microinjection carp.
|
Received: 24 April 2017
Published: 06 August 2017
|
|
|
|
[1] 周光宇.远缘杂交分子基础-DNA片段杂交假说的一个例证[J].遗传学报,1979,4:405-412.[2] 李军辉, 李思敏, 樊路.远缘杂交在转移有益基因创造小麦新种质中的潜力[J].植物遗传资源科学,2002,3(1):61—64.[3] 邱纪文,金德敏,李传友,贾建航,欧阳平,戴威廉,王斌,李大伟.通过远缘杂交将鸭茅状摩檫禾DNA片段导入普通小麦基因组的分子证据[J].科学通报,1999,44(20):2162—2166.[4] 吕英海,李建粤,许燕,张国荣,毛万霞,陆雪琴.导入大豆总DNA改良大麦籽粒营养品质[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),2003,32(3):62—67.[5] 刘汉勤。总DNA介导鱼类基因转移的初步研究。水生生物学报,1991,15(3):286-288[6] 梁明山,赵邦炯,游育信,陈先均,陶震,雍慧仪。胡子鲶总DNA转化长吻鮠鱼的初步研究。西南农业学报,1994,7(1):97-101.[7] 向建国,章怀云,唐必会。导入鲤鱼总DNA的草鱼种与普通草鱼种生长的比较。内陆水产,1999,9:7-8.[8] 朱新平,刘家照,夏仕玲等。鲤鱼DNA对鲮鱼耐寒性能的影响。淡水渔业,1996,26(3):14-16.[9] 甄润英,陶秉春,郭永军,胡淳刚,李艳婷。鲤鱼父母本及F1代肌肉中主要营养成分的比较分析。天津农学院学报,2007,14(4):5-8[10] 洪瑞川,李思光,余扬帆。万红玻璃红鲤的肌肉营养成分分析。1997,21(2),109-113[11] 朱健,王建新,龚永生,陈家鑫。几种鲤鱼肌肉的一般营养成分及蛋白质氨基酸组成的比较。湛江海洋大学学报,2000,20(4):9-12[12] 过正乾,蒋飞,许祥等。野生鲤和养殖鲤鱼肌肉营养成分的比较研究。安徽农业科学,2012,40(31),15292-15294,15296[13] 赵法伋,郭俊生,陈洪章,沈志雷,邱璐。大豆平衡氨基酸的营养价值研究。营养学报,1986, 8(2):153~158[14]GB18406.4-2001,农产品安全质量 无公害水产品安全要求[S].[15] NY5053-2005 无公害食品 普通淡水鱼[S].[16] Fao. Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery product[C]. FAO Fisheries Circular,1983(464):5-100.[17] 樊佳佳,白俊杰。转红色荧光蛋白基因唐鱼与非转基因唐鱼肌肉营养成分的分析和比较。海洋渔业,2011,33(1):15-19[18] 闫学春,梁利群,曹顶臣等。转基因鲤与普通鲤的肌肉营养成分比较。农业生物技术学报,2005,13(4):528-532[19] 崔宗斌,朱作言,崔奕波等。转人生长激素基因红鲤F2代阳性鱼的摄食及代谢研究。科学通报,1995, 40(16): 1514~1517[20] 徐德昌,赵亚华,陈素生等。大豆总DNA导入春小麦提高蛋白质含量的研究。宁夏农学院学报,2000,21(3):1-4.[21] Fu C,Cui Y,Hung S- S,Zhu Z . Whole – body amino acid pattern of F4 human growth hormone gene – tyansgenic red common carp(cyprinus carpio) fed diets with different protein levels . Aquaculture,2000,189:287~292[22] 闫学春,张晓峰,刘翠等. 显微介导的远缘基因渐渗技术在鲤育种中的应用. 中国水产科学, 2011,18(2):275—282. |
|
|
|