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| Study on Technology and Mechanism of Ethylene Treatment Promotes the Formation of More Flowers of Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis |
| SHEN Yan-Hong1, JIANG Tao1, ZHAO Wan-Wan2, RUAN Wei-Hua2, ZHANG Han2, ZHOU Bin2, CHEN Hong-Mei2, CHEN Xiao-Jing2,* |
1 College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, China;
2 College of Horticulture/Institute of Genetics & Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; |
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Abstract The number of scapes is an important index to measure the quality and price of narcissus (Narcissus tazetta) bulbs. Because it is hard to strict control ethylene concentration, the traditional method for narcissus bulbs fumigation may cause bad effect on flower bud induction. In this study, transcriptome with deep sequencing was used on the ethylene (ETH)/1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treated narcissus to reveal the molecular mechanism of the floral initiation of narcissus. A scientific method of narcissus bulbs treatment have been obtained in our study. Narcissus bulbs were incubated with 200 μL/L of ethylene for 5 h in a sealed container and these bulbs were treated again two days later. Ethylene treatment promotes the floral bud differentiation of narcissus and doubles the number of scapes and flowers. The results of physiological and biochemical indexes showed that exogenous ethylene application promoted DNA replication, gene expression, protein synthesis, sugar metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, increased the level of protein, peroxidase (POD) activity, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and zeatin (ZA) level. De novo transcriptome and RNA-Seq analysis of three treatment groups showed that 65 898 unigenes were obtained in all samples, including 55 793(control group), 57 321(1-MCP), and 64 350(ETH), with average length is 692 bp. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that exogenous ethylene promotes the expression of most genes in all terms. Through differential expression analysis, 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to flowering were screened out: four genes in starch and sucrose metabolism, nine genes in polyamine synthesis and transport, eleven genes in lignin synthesis and transport, thirty-one flowering-related genes, and seven other regulation genes. Key genes of COL14, FRL3, VRN1, FPA in the photoperiod pathway, vernalization pathway, autonomous pathway had significant difference in expression compared to the control group. Twelve genes correlated with flowering were selected and confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis and the expression profiles were consistent with the RNA-Seq results. These DEGs might have vital function on the floral bud differentiation of narcissus. In this study, a scientific technique of narcissus bulbs treated with ETH has been conducted, and the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanism of ethylene had been discussed. The study will be helpful for better understanding the floral bud differentiation of narcissus, as well as guides the narcissus production.
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Received: 17 November 2018
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Corresponding Authors:
xjchen804@sina.com
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