Abstract：Mammal’s reproductive function is the most vulnerable to heat stress in all physiological functions. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of baicalin on oxidative damage of uterus tissue in mice (Mus musculus) and to further investigate the antioxidant mechanism of baicalin. Female mice were divided into control (C) group, baicalin (Bai) group, heat stress (H) group and baicalin plus heat stress (H+Bai) group. Tissue sections, spectrophotometry, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect uterine tissue structure, apoptosis and signal transduction. The results showed that, compared with the H group, the uterine tissue injury and apoptosis in mice treated with heat stress were reduced by baicalin, the content of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01), the activity of T-SOD was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), the activity of CAT and GSH-Px was significantly increased (P<0.05) in group H+Bai. The expression levels of Keap1 and Nrf2 proteins were remarkably decreased by baicalin (P<0.05), and the expressions of Bax, bcl-2, apaf-1, caspase-9 and caspase-3 proteins in endometrial epithelial cells and adenocarcinoma epithelial cells were decreased in group H+Bai. Overall, baicalin could reduce oxidative damage and apoptosis of endometrial epithelial cells in the testis of mice exposed to heat stress, and the mechanism of baicalin might be related to the activation of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and regulation of antioxidant enzyme activity.
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