Abstract：The barley (Hordeum vulgare) net blotch is one of the most usual barley diseases, caused by Pyrenophora teres. The barley net blotch is becoming so popular, the major reasons is that our country is short of germplasm resources of resisting barley net blotch. In order to increase the diversity of barley net blotch resistance in cultivated barley, the genetic diversity of barley was analysed, and the reaction to P. teres of 89 barley materials at seedling stage was evaluated. Eventually, identified SSR markers associated with resistance to barley net blotch in barley with an association mapping approach. The results showed that 89 barley entries were analyzed by using 70 pairs of SSR markers which were used to detect the genetic diversity among cultivars. A total of 302 alleles were detected, the average each pairs had 4.31 and the arrange of allele number was 2~8. The allele frequency varied from 0.141 2~0.916 7, the genetics diversity ranged from 0.103 9~0.894 4, and the genetics similarity ranged from 0.520~0.873. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.098 5~0.884 6 with an average of 0.537. Barley entries were divided into 2 subgroups based on their population structure, group one had 22 cultivars, group two had 67 cultivars, the genetic similarity of the all group was from 0.635~0.895. The genetic similarity of MEI 41/I and MEI 43/I was the highest, it was 0.895. There was the large difference among barley materials, and disease index ranged from 31.67~96.32, and there were no immune or high resistant varieties, just 2 resistant-middle resistant (R-M) varities with the disease index of 31.67 and 33.56, one cultivar (ZD02732407) was moderate resistant (MR), disease index was 45.22%, and then there were 14 middle resistant-middle susceptible (MS-S) varieties, 50 middle susceptible-susceptible (MS-S) varieties and 7 high susceptible (S) varieties. The association analysis result showed that 5 markers were found to associate with barley net blotch resistance under general linear model (GLM) program, these QTLs were located on chromosomes 1H, 3H, 5H and 6H, and the rate of phenotypic variation explained ranged from 7.2%~22.4%. Bmac29 and Bmag0613 showed significant association with resistance to barley net blotch (P＜0.01), which explained 10.7% and 22.4% of the phenotypic variation. This study demonstrates that AM is an effective technique for identifying and mapping QTL for barley net blotch resistance in a natural population and then this study also provides some helpful basis to barley net blotch resistant breeding.
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