Abstract：ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport protein is one kind of super family transporter, which exists in almost prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and plays an important role in physiological activities. In this paper, the structure characteristics of ABC transport protein were detailedly introduced, and divided into 8 subfamilies from A~H based on phylogenetic analysis of conservative regions. Besides, the latest researches progress of ABC transport proteins on enhancing resistance of plants and fungi to heavy metals were also introduced and interpreted. Meanwhile, the probable mechanism of it on how improving host resistance to heavy metals was summarized and analyzed from 3 points, which were vacuole sequestration, direct efflux and mitochondrial ABC transporter. Moreover, the viewpoint of ABC transport protein preference was proposed, according to the law of choosing and transporting metal ion. At the end, the research direction and potential application of ABC transport protein were simply discussed. Thus, it would be reliable reference for further research of ABC transporter protein.
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