Abstract：Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are important pathways of signal transduction to response the changes from external environment in plants. In this study, SlMPK3 gene, cloned from Solanum pimpinellifolium, was transgenetically overexpressed in cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum) M82 using the agrobacteria-mediated method. T1 generation was used to investigate the role of Solanum lycopersicum mitogen-activated protein kinases 3 (SlMPK3) under chilling stress. The SlMPK3 transcript was up-regulated rapidly under low temperature stress in leaves. Moreover, the relative expression fold was higher in transgenic plants as compared to the control plants. Cold tolerance index was significantly higher than control (0.8 and 0.37, respectively) after identification of cold resistance in seedling. After low temperature treatment, leaves from the control plants appeared a symptom of leaf wilting and necrosis, leaf chlorosis and leaf yellowing. However, the transgenic plants were still keep normal symptom without obvious yellowing. After 120 h treatment at 4 ℃ low temperature, the relative electrolyte leakage was 74.66% in wild type plants, that of wild type plants was 74.66%. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content was 6.76 μmol/g FW on average in the leaves of transgenic plants, which was 30.81% lower than control at 120 h low temperature treatment. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content was significantly higher in wild type plants leaves than that of the transgenic plants (P＜0.05)( 2.02 and 1.57, respectively) at 120 h. At the same time, the antioxidant enzymes activity, soluble sugar and soluble protein content increased significantly (P＜0.05) in the transgenic plants and wild type plants. At 120 h after low temperature treatment, the activities of super-oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and peroxidase (CAT) in the leaves of transgenic plants were 29.40%, 24.24% and 29.40%, respectively higher than control. The content of soluble protein and soluble sugar gradually increased with the increasing of the treatment time in the transgenic plants and wild type plants after low temperature. After 120 h treatment at 4 ℃, the soluble protein content in the transgenic plants was 40.02 mg/g FW (OE-4), 42.21 mg/g FW (OE-6) ，40.33 mg/g FW (OE-7), respectively, which were significantly higher than that of control (36.86 mg/g FW)(P＜0.05). The soluble sugar content was 51.87 mmol/g FW average in transgenic plants, which was 21.82% higher than that in control at same treatment-point. This study showed that overexpression of SlMPK3 gene could enhanced the low temperature tolerance in transgenic tomato seedlings to some extent. The present study lays a solid foundation on further investigations about the functions of tomato SlMPK3 gene. At the same time, this study supplies a new germplasm for the cultivation of new low temperature tolerance transgenic tomatoes.
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