Abstract：This study sought to assess mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity and origin of Jiangxi Anyi Tile-like Chickens(Gallus gallus domestiaus). Blood samples were collected from 30 chickens. The complete sequence of the mtDNA D-loop was PCR amplified and subsequently sequenced (Genbank accession No.KP893677~KP893682.). DNA sequence of mtDNA D-loop of five red jungle fowl subspecies were collected from the GenBank and used as reference sequences. The results showed that, the D-loop region of Anyi Tile-like Chickens was 1 231~1 232 bp in length. The nucleotide diversity was (0.006 13±0.000 14), and the haplotype diversity was (0.837±0.027). The 6 haplotypes were observed based on 18 mutant site and clustered into three clades (A, B, and C), of which clade C was dominant. Three haplotypes belong to clade C, two haplotypes are in clade B, one is in clade A. The clade A and clade B were clustered with Gallus gallus spadiceus, clade C was clustered with four subspecies of red jungle fowl. These results show a high mitochondrial D-loop diversity and indicate multiple maternal origins for Anyi Tile-like Chickens. The results in this study will be a reference for conservation and utilization of Anyi Tile-like Chickens.
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