Molecular Cytogenetic Identification of a Large Spike and Grain Type Wheat(Triticum aestivum)-Barley(Hordeum vulgare ssp. distichon) Hybrids Introgression Line WB13
Abstract：The new germplasm WB13 is a large spike and grain type of wheat which is selected from the derived lines after crossing and backcrossing multi-generational between common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 7182 and two-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. distichon Hsü.). In order to identify the genetic foundation of WB13, a research work was carried out using the method of morphology, cytology, molecular markers, and specific bands recovery and sequencing. The results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient(GS) was 97.0% between WB13 and wheat 7182 by analyzing their genetic background with several simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers of wheat, but WB13 had better agronomic traits than its parents and had larger spike and grain than wheat 7182. The chromosome number in root-tip cells of WB13 was 2n=42. No obvious hybridization signal was observed in genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) using two-rowed barley genomic DNA as probe. Using specific sequence-tagged site (STS) markers of barley, ABG054 and ABC305B, which were located in 4H and 7H chromosomes of Hordeum vulgare, respectively, two specific sequences (named WS1 and WS3) were amplified from WB13. Compared WS1 and WS3 with the sequences amplified from barley using the two same STS markers, 100% and 98% identities were observed, respectively. Furthermore, the sequences similar with both WS1 and WS3 were all from Hordeum vulgare by blasting with the published sequences in EMBL. Using 35 sets of SSR markers distributed among barley 4H and 7H chromosomes to detect WB13 and its parents, a specific band was amplified in WB13 with a marker MGB396 in barley 4H chromosome, which had been identified to link with a quantitative trait loci (QTL) related with thousand-grain weight by previous research. In summary, WB13 was an introgression line containing parts of the barley 4H and 7H chromosomes. What's more, the barley 4H segments in WB13 may contain some beneficial genes contributed to thousand-grain weight. Our results demonstrated that WB13 was a wheat-barley hybrid, which enriched the germplasm resources of wheat-barley hybrids and large spike and grain wheat. Furthermore, the research had revealed the possible causes of large spike and grain character of WB13 at the molecular level, and provides basic data for QTL mapping and utilizing this material.
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