Abstract：Radiation therapy has become an important method of treating tumors, but at the same time, high doses of ionizing radiation can cause damage to the tissues and organs. To study the effects of high-dose ionizing radiation on the pathological injury and related cytokine expression in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and intestinal tract of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), three male rhesus monkeys were irradiated with 9.5 Gy of 60Co γ for 4 h, and the organs were sacrificed 15 days after irradiation. The pathological changes of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and intestinal tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE). The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-2 and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in each tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. The results showed that the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney tissues of treated rhesus monkeys had obvious pathological changes compared with the control, and the expression of factors was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05) at 15 days after irradiation. This indicates that radioactive injury caused by ionizing radiation has an effect on the expression of related cytokines. The results of the study provide a supplementary reference for the diagnosis of radioactive injury.
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