Abstract：Estrogen receptor (ESR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor of nuclear receptor superfamily. Numerous studies showed that ESR genes areclosely related to animal reproduction activities. In order to analyze the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ESR genes and egg-production trait of laying pigeon (Columba livia), the SNPs of partial ESR gene fragments were screened by the first-generation sequencing in 215 Taiping King pigeons(C. livia). Ten SNPs were detected in the threefragments, T129416C was located in intron 6 of ESRα gene, the other nine SNPs were detected in ESRβ. They were T365C, A388G, C389A and A429G in intron 1, G451A, G577Ain exon 2, T672C and A923C in intron 3, and T17167C in exon 5 of ESRβ gene. Among these ten sites, three of the mutations were located in exon, but only G577A made amino acid change from isoleucine (Ile) to valine (Val). These two amino acids are non-polar and hydrophobic, it is a common missense mutation that has little effect on protein polarity in vivo. All the ten sites were in balance based on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. The results of Linkage disequilibrium analysis among the ten sites showed that the sites S1 and S10 were not meaningful linkage disequilibrium relative to others, because there were greater physical distances between the two sits and the others. The sites between S2 and S4, S9 were strong linkage disequilibrium (D′≈1 and r2＞0.8) and site S2 could be completely represented by S4 or S9. The correlation analysis between SNPs of ESR genes and egg production showed that only site S8 was significantly correlated to egg production, genotype AB of this site was significantly higher than AA in egg production (P＜0.01), while BB genotype was higher than AA genotype and lower than AB genotype, but the differences were not significant (P＞0.05). The results indicate that the S8 site of ESRβ gene can be used as a molecular marker for egg-production traits in MAS breeding of laying pigeon.
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