摘要为了评价SSR标记对西瓜品种一致性鉴定的可行性，以及建立依据SSR标记的西瓜一致性鉴定标准，本研究采用11对西瓜SSR引物，检测了78个西瓜(Citrullus lanatus)品种以及2009~2013连续5个年度北京市西瓜区域试验97个品种的11个SSR标记位点的一致性比率。每个品种取48个个体，每条染色体上选取一个标记。通过统计11对核心引物对175个西瓜品种的检测结果以及不同品种在不同位点的一致性分布的特征特性，发现品种内的随机单株个体在不同引物位点中一致性分布情况都不一样，品种内单株的某一个SSR位点的一致性比率不代表这个品种的一致性，也不能简单的依据品种内个体的某一个SSR位点的一致性比率来评估这个品种的一致性，需要综合品种内随机单株个体11个位点的平均一致性比率来评价其一致性。综合分析西瓜11对SSR核心引物对175个品种一致性比率的统计结果，提出可以将SSR位点一致性比率作为评价西瓜品种一致性的辅助标准，判断西瓜品种的一致性时，需综合单个引物的一致性 r和所有引物位点的平均一致性比率 R 两个指标进行评价，将西瓜品种一致性级别分为5级，并说明了利用SSR标记评估西瓜品种一致性的指标以及检测方法中需注意的细节，初步拟出西瓜一致性评估标准。
Abstract：The goal of this research is to assess the availability of SSR markers for variety testing in watermelon hybrids and try to establish a standard for variety uniformity testing by SSR markers. A set of 11 primer pairs were applied for 78 watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) varieties and 97 watermelon hybrids (48 individuals per variety) of Beijing regional trial from 2009 to 2013, and one SSR marker per chromosome was selected. In accordance with the statistics of 175 watermelons testing results by 11 core primer pairs and different varieties specifics characteristic on different SSR locus, it was revealed that there were different individuals uniformity ratio on different SSR locus in one variety, the one individual uniformity ratio on one SSR locus did not represent the variety uniformity, and variety uniformity could be assessed not only based on individuals uniformity ratio on one SSR locus, but also individuals average uniformity ratio on 11 SSR loci. Comprehensively analyzing the statistics result of the 175 varieties uniformity ratio on 11 SSR loci illustrated that varieties uniformity ratio on SSR loci could be the standard-assisted for watermelon uniformity assessment. It was necessary to assess watermelon uniformity in combination with one individual uniformity ration on one SSR locus and average uniformity ratio on 11 loci, and there were 5 levels for evaluation, and explained the criterion evaluating watermelon variety uniformity by SSR markers and testing methods in details, preliminary draw up uniformity criterion of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) varieties.
