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| Identification of the Atp2a Gene Family in Acrossocheilus fasciatus and Expression Analysis Under Flow Velocity Stress |
| CAI Pei-Hao, PAN Fang-Qing, CHU Zhang-Jie, ZHAO Bo* |
| College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China |
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Abstract Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²?-ATPase (Atp2a) is a key transmembrane protein regulating muscle contraction and calcium homeostasis. In this study, 6 members of the Atp2a gene family (Afatp2a1-Afatp2a6) were identified in the genome of Acrossocheilus fasciatus, distributed across 6 chromosomes and divided into 3 subfamilies. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that all gene family members contain characteristic domains of P-type ATPases and 10 conserved motifs, with exon numbers ranging from 18 to 22. The proteins were acidic, weakly hydrophobic, and highly thermostable. Subcellular localization prediction indicated that Afatp2a1, Afatp2a4 and Afatp2a6 were localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, while Afatp2a2, Afatp2a3 and Afatp2a5 were localized to the cell membrane. Phylogenetic and collinearity analysis revealed high evolutionary conservation of this family in teleost fish. Tissue expression profiling analysis showed significant specificity: Afatp2a6 was widely and highly expressed in non-muscle tissues, Afatp2a1 was highly expressed in the brain, Afatp2a2 was enriched in the skin, Afatp2a3 was highly expressed in the gills, Afatp2a4 was highly expressed in the heart and skin, and Afatp2a5 was preferentially expressed in muscle and skin. Flow velocity stress experiments showed with increasing flow velocity, the relative expression level of Afatp2a2 decreased, whereas that of Afatp2a5 showed an increasing trend. Specifically, Afatp2a2 expression was significantly lower in the 2 and 4 BL/s groups than in the 0 BL/s group (P<0.0001), while Afatp2a5 expression was significantly higher in the 4 BL/s group than in the 0 BL/s group (P<0.001), presenting a synergistic "down-up" response pattern. These findings suggested that under long-term acclimation, A. fasciatus might maintain calcium homeostasis through functional differentiation of Atp2a gene family members and post-transcriptional regulation, rather than relying solely on transcriptional level changes. This study provides a theoretical reference for elucidating the roles of Atp2a gene family members in the response of A. fasciatus to flow velocity stress.
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Received: 12 January 2026
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| Fund:浙江省农业农村厅协同创新项目(2130199) |
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Corresponding Authors:
*zhaobo@zjou.edu.cn
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