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| Effects of Overexpression of BCAT1 Gene on Milk Protein Synthesis in Mammary Epithelial Cells of Dairy Goats (Capra hircus) |
| SONG Yi-Min1, LI Hong-Qiang1, WANG Dong-Xian1, LIU Si-Jiang1, GUO Zi-Long1, LUO Yu2, LI Xiao-Yi-Yan1, SHAO Yue-Xin1, LIU Yan-Xin2, SHI Huai-Ping3, LIU Zheng-Zhu1,*, ZHANG Hui-Wen2,* |
1 College of Animal Science and Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Specialty Animal Germplasm Resources Exploration and Innovation, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, China;
2 Chengde Veterinary Drug Administration, Chengde 067032, China;
3 College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China |
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Abstract Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 1 (BCAT1) is a key enzyme in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs). This study aimed to obtain the CDS sequence of the BCAT1 gene and preliminarily investigate the effect of this gene on milk protein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats (Capra hircus). Mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats were used as materials, the CDS region of the BCAT1 gene was cloned, and bioinformatics analysis of the CDS sequence was performed using online software. The pcDNA3.1-BCAT1 overexpression vector was constructed, and the effect of the BCAT1 gene on milk protein synthesis in mammary epithelial cells was explored. The results showed that the full-length CDS region of the BCAT1 gene was 1 161 bp, encoding 386 amino acids. The molecular weight of the BCAT1 protein was 43 173.42 D, and the theoretical pI value was 5.05. No transmembrane domain or signal peptide was detected, and it was identified as a negatively charged, hydrophobic and stable protein. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that the BCAT1 protein interacted with branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha (BCKDHA), BCKDHB and other proteins. Tissue expression profile analysis indicated that the expression level of the BCAT1 gene was relatively high in mammary gland tissue during the dry period. After transfection of the BCAT1 gene recombinant overexpression vector into mammary epithelial cells, the expression levels of milk protein-related genes, including beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) (P<0.01), casein alpha s1 (CSN1S1) (P<0.05), casein beta (CSN2) (P<0.05), and casein kappa (CSN3) (P<0.05), were significantly increased. It was indicated that the BCAT1 gene played a regulatory role in milk protein synthesis in goat mammary epithelial cells. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further research on the regulatory mechanism of the BCAT1 gene in goat milk protein synthesis.
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Received: 19 January 2026
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Corresponding Authors:
*liuzhengzhu@163.com; zhw0314@126.com
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