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| Identification of the Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) Acetolactate Synthase Gene Family and Its Response to Herbicides |
| XIANG Xing-Chun, WANG Hao, YU Xin-Xin, FU Jing-Jing, WANG Xin, LIU Da-Li* |
| College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University/National Beet Medium-term Gene Bank/Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetics and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150080, China |
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Abstract Weeds are a major factor affecting the yield and quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor herbicides are widely used in agricultural weed management due to their high efficiency, low dosage, and safety. To comprehensively investigate the ALS gene family in sugar beet and explore their potential functions under ALS-inhibitor herbicide stress, this study performed a genome-wide identification of ALS family members using bioinformatics approaches. The physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, cis-acting regulatory elements and chromosomal locations of the identified genes were systematically analyzed. Additionally, qRT-PCR combined with morphological traits and photosynthetic parameters was used to examine the transcriptional expression patterns of BvALS genes under herbicide stress. A total of 7 BvALS gene family members and their transcript variants were identified in the sugar beet genome. The predicted BvALS proteins had molecular weights ranging from 51. 305~81.867 kD and theoretical isoelectric points ranging from 5.64 to 9.41. Most members were predicted to be stable proteins localized to the chloroplast. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the BvALS family members were closely related to ALSs in Arabidopsis thaliana and Spinacia oleracea. A total of 10 conserved Motifs were identified, with most genes containing Motif 7. Notably, BvRB_5g124450, BvRB_2g027380, BvRB_5g103060, and BvRB_8g181940 contained all 3 conserved domains (TPP enzyme N, TPP enzyme M, and TPP enzyme C). These genes were distributed across 5 chromosomes and 2 scaffold regions. Promoter analysis revealed that BvALS genes may participate in various stress response pathways. Under ALS-inhibitor herbicide treatment, all BvALS genes were transcriptionally upregulated, with BvRB_5g103060 showing the most significant induction (3.2 times) higher than the control. These findings suggest that BvRB_5g103060 may play a critical role in the herbicide resistance mechanism of sugar beet, and provide theoretical basis for further studies on the biological function of BvALS genes in response to herbicide stress.
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Received: 24 February 2025
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Corresponding Authors:
*daliliu_hlju@163.com
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