Abstract Aegliops tauschii，one of the wild relatives of Triticum, is an important genetic resource for wheat improvement . In this study, 78 accessions of Ae. tauschii were analyzed using 211 pairs of wheat SSR primers .Our data showed that D genome of Ae. tauschii had greatest genetic similarity with D genome of wheat, followed by wheat B genome, and the last A genome. Thirty-two polymorphic SSR primers were selected, and 308 alleles were detected in Ae. tauschii accessions with an average of 8.14 alleles per locus detected by a pair of polymorphic pairs. The primers of A genome detected 39 alleles with a mean of 5.57 per locus, primers of B genome 51 alleles with a mean of 6.38 per locus, and primers of D genome 39 alleles with a mean of 12.47 per locus, which indicated that primers of D genome detected great genetic diversity. The result concluded that D genome of Ae. tauschii had greatest genetic similarity with D genome of common wheat, and it also had some similarity with A and B genome of common wheat since the primers of the two genomes were polymorphic in D genome of Ae. Tauschii.. UPGM A cluster analysis showed that tested materials could be classified into six clusters with similarity coefficiency at 0.77, and relationship of clusters was associated with geographical distribution of materials. genetic polymorphism were detected by SSR primers of D genome. UPGM A cluster analysis showed that all test materials could be classified into six main groups at similarities co-efficiency in 0.77. The cluster results were associated with its geographical distribution.
