Phenotype Analysis and Gene Mapping of Maize (Zea mays) Wrinkled Leaf Mutant wl1 (wrinkled leaf 1)
ZHOU Lian*, BAI Yang*, DONG Er-Fei, Qin Li-Ping, JING Xiao-Jie, ZHU Ting-Ting, TIAN Miao, WANG Ting, LIU Chao-Xian, CAI Yi-Lin**
State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land/Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Maize Research Institute, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Abstract Leaf shape is one of the important agronomic traits of maize. Moderate leaf shape is of great significance to increase maize planting density and yield. Leaf shape is regulated by multiple genes and genetic loci. However, the molecular mechanism of leaf morphological development in maize is still unclear. In this study, wrinkled leaf 1 (wl1) which was a leaf shrinkage mutant, was obtained by treating pollen of maize inbred line Mo17 with ethyl methanesulfonate. Genetic analysis showed wl1 was a recessive mutant controlled by a single gene. wl1 showed that small ridges and trichomes on the leaf surface, and the number of stomata decreased compared with wildtype. Paraffin section showed that the epidermal cell layers on the wl1 leaf was doubled. Besides, maize plant height, length and width of ear leaf, the first and second leaf above ear leaf were decreased compared with wildtype (P<0.01). Transcriptome sequencing analysis indicated the expression of several genes involved in photosynthesis relative biological processes and cellular component were decreased in wl1. Meanwhile, photosynthetic measurement showed the net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of wl1 were significantly lower than wild type (P<0.01). wl1 was located on chromosome 1 within the interval of physical distance of 1.7 Mb by using map-based cloning. According to analyzing the expression level of candidate genes in interval, genome resequencing and sequence alignment with seven different maize inbred lines, the candidate gene of wl1 was preliminarily identified as Zm00001d027266, which encoded a DeSI (desumoylating isopeptidase)-like protein. This study lays the foundation for the cloning of wl1 gene and the molecular mechanism analysis of maize leaf shape development.
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