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| The Effect of BMP15 and GDF9 Gene Mutations on Follicular Development and Ovulation in Mouse (Mus musculus) and Sheep (Ovis aries) |
| WANG Xiang-Yu, DI Ran, LIU Qiu-Yue, HU Wen-Ping, MA Lin, CHU Ming-Xing* |
| Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China |
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Abstract In mammalian ovary, folliculogenesis, development and follicle maturation toward ovulation is a complex biological process. This process requires the precise coordination of oocyte and its companion somatic cells. During this process, oocyte-secreted factors bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and growth differentiation factors 9 (GDF9) regulate granulosa cells growth, differentiation, promote folliculogenesis from the primordial stage, determine ovulatory follicle survival and ultimately affect ovulation by paracrine/autocrine mechanisms. It has been found that mutations of the BMP15 and GDF9 gene cause the distinct alteration in ovarian function in different species. In mice (Mus musculus) , homozygous null mutation of BMP15 reduce the fertility of female mice, but GDF9-nulll female mice are sterility. In sheep (Ovis aries), heterozygous mutant of these two genes decrease the BMP signaling and lead to the hyper prolificacy, whereas the homozygous sheep exhibit the inhibition of ovarian follicular development and infertility. In this review, we described the changes of ovarian function and ovulation in BMP15/GDF9 knockout and overexpressing mice and sheep with natural mutations. We summarized that BMP15, GDF9 and their dimmers orchestrate follicular development, participant in selection of dominant follicular and regulate ovulation by the dynamic balance of their bioactivity. The recent findings relating the functions of BMP15 and GDF9 opened up new perspectives for regulation of sheep ovulation and breeding new prolific sheep.
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Received: 14 May 2020
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Corresponding Authors:
* mxchu@263.net
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