Abstract SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein like (SPL) gene family plays an important role in growth and development of embryos, buds, leaves, flowers, fruits and other organs in plants. The members of the SPL gene family in peach were identified and their expression characteristics in different tissues and fruit development processes were analyzed in this study. The results showed that 25 PrupeSPL gene family members were identified from the peach genome. Except that PrupeSPL16 lacked the Zn-2 structure, all other PrupeSPL genes contain an SBP conserved domain, two zinc finger structures and a nuclear localization signal. Most members of the SPL gene family were expressed in different tissues, and most members had higher expression in young fruit. With the fruit growth and development, the expression level of PrupeSPL1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16~21, 24, 25 significantly decreased, revealing that these members might be involved in the regulation of peach young fruit. During the fruit ripening and softening, the expression of PrupeSPL1~4, 7, 8, 10, 16, 17, 19, 21 showed a significant up-regulation trend, indicating that these members might be related to peach fruit ripening, softening and senescence. In this study, the PrupeSPL gene family was systematically analyzed in peach, and the PrupeSPL members that might be involved in regulating the growth, ripening and softening process of peach fruit were screened. This study provides basic data for further elucidating the function of SPL gene during peach fruit development.
WANG Xian-Ju,ZHANG Shao-Yu,XU Ze, et al. Identification of SPL Gene Family Members and Correlation Analysis Between Gene Expression and Fruit Development in Peach (Prunus persica)[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2020, 28(9): 1521-1534.
[1] 陈晓博. 2010. 参与番茄花柄离区发育的转录因子SPL3的基因功能研究[D]. 博士学位论文,中国农业科学院,导师: 毛龙, pp. 17-86. (Chen X B.2010. Functional Study of A Transcription Factor SQUAMOSA Promoter Binding Protein Like 3 In Tomato Flower Abscission Zone Development[D]. Thesis for PhD., Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Supervisor: Mao L, pp. 17-86) [2] 代法国, 胡宗利, 陈国平, 等. 2010. 植物特有的SBP-box基因家族的研究进展[J]. 生命科学, (02): 58-63. (Dai F G, Hu Z L, Chen G P, et al.2010. Research progress of plant-specific SBP-box gene family[J]. Life Science, (02): 58-63.) [3] 宋长年, 钱剑林, 房经贵, 等. 2010.枳SPL9和SPL13全长cDNA克隆、亚细胞定位和表达分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 134-143. (Song C N, Qian J L, Fang J G, et al.2010.Cloning, Subcellular Localization and Expression Analysis of SPL9 and SPL13 Genes from Poncirus trifoliata[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 134-143.) [4] Thein A.2016. 水稻低氮胁迫和细菌侵染应答基因OsSPL11和OsRP-1的功能研究[D]. 博士学位论文, 中国农业科学院, 导师: 何晨阳, pp. 15-99(Thein A. 2016. Characterization of the overlapping genes OsSPL11 and OsRP-1 in response to nitrogen deficiency and/or bacterial infection by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae in rice[D]. Thesis for PhD., Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Supervisor: He C Y, pp. 15-99) [5] Cao R, Guo L, Ma M, et al.2019. Identification and functional characterization of squamosa promoter binding protein-like gene TaSPL16 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10: 212. [6] Cardon G, Hohmann S, Klein J, et al.1999. Molecular characterisation of the Arabidopsis SBP-box genes[J]. Gene, 237(1): 91-104. [7] Cardon G H, Hohmann S, Nettesheim K, et al.1997. Functional analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana SBP-box gene SPL3: A novel gene involved in the floral transition[J]. Plant Journal, 12(2): 367-377. [8] Chen G, Li J, Liu Y, et al.2019. Roles of the GA-mediated SPL gene family and miR156 in the floral development of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima)[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20. [9] Chen W W, Kong J H, Lai T F, et al.2015. Tuning LeSPL-CNR expression by SlymiR157 affects tomato fruit ripening[J]. Scientific Reports, (7): 1577. [10] Chuck G S, Brown P J, Meeley R, et al.2014. Maize SBP-box transcription factors unbranched2 and unbranched3 affect yield traits by regulating the rate of lateral primordia initiation[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 111(52): 18775-18780. [11] Chuck G, Whipple C, Jackson D, et al.2010. The maize SBP-box transcription factor encoded by tasselsheath4 regulates bract development and the establishment of meristem boundaries[J]. Development, 137(8): 1243-1250. [12] Cui M, Wang C, Zhang W, et al.2018. Characterization of Vv-miR156: Vv-SPL pairs involved in the modulation of grape berry development and ripening[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 293(6): 1333-1354. [13] Eriksson E M, Bovy A, Manning K, et al.2004. Effect of the Colorless non-ripening mutation on cell wall biochemistry and gene expression during tomato fruit development and ripening[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 136(4): 4184-4197. [14] Eveland A L, Goldshmidt A, Pautler M, et al.2014. Regulatory modules controlling maize inflorescence architecture[J]. Genome Research, 24(3), 431-443. [15] Gambino G, Perrone I, Gribaudo I.2008. A Rapid and effective method for RNA extraction from different tissues of grapevine and other woody plants[J]. Phytochemical Analysis, 19(6): 520-525. [16] Gou J Y, Felippes F F, Liu C J, et al.2011. Negative regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by a miR156-targeted SPL transcription factor[J]. Plant Cell, 23(4): 1512-1522. [17] Hou H, Li J, Gao M, et al.2013. Genomic organization, phylogenetic comparison and differential expression of the SBP-box family genes in grape[J]. PLOS ONE, 8(3), e59358. [18] Hou H, Yan X, Sha T, et al.2017. The SBP-Box gene VpSBP11 from chinese wild vitis is involved in floral transition and affects leaf development[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(7): 1493. [19] Huijser P, Klein J, Lonnig W E, et al.1992. Bracteomania, an inflorescence anomaly, is caused by the loss of function of the Mads-Box gene squamosa in Antirrhinum-Majus[J]. Embo Journal, 11(4): 1239-1249. [20] Jiao Y Q, Wang Y H, Xue D W, et al.2010. Regulation of OsSPL14 by OsmiR156 defines ideal plant architecture in rice[J]. Nature Genetics, 42(6): 541-544. [21] Klein J, Saedler H, Huijser P.1996. A new family of DNA binding proteins includes putative transcriptional regulators of the Antirrhinum majus floral meristem identity gene SQUAMOSA[J]. Molecular and General Genetics, 250(1): 7-16. [22] Kropat J, Tottey S, Birkenbihl R P, et al.2005. A regulator of nutritional copper signaling in Chlamydomonas is an SBP domain protein that recognizes the GTAC core of copper response element[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 102(51): 18730-18735. [23] Lal S, Pacis L B, Smith H M.2011. Regulation of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE genes/microRNA156 module by the homeodomain proteins PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH in Arabidopsis[J]. Molecular Plant, 4(6): 1123-1132. [24] Lannenpaa M, Janonen I, Holtta-Vuori M, et al.2004. A new SBP-box gene BpSPL1 in silver birch (Betula pendula)[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 120(3): 491-500. [25] Lee J, Park J J, Kim S L, et al.2007. Mutations in the rice liguleless gene result in a complete loss of the auricle, ligule, and laminar joint[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 65: 487-499. [26] Li C, Lu S.2014. Molecular characterization of the SPL gene family in Populus trichocarpa[J]. BMC Plant Biology, 14(1): 131-131. [27] Li J, Hou H, Li X, et al.2013. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the SBP-box family genes in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 70: 100-114. [28] Liguori G, Weksler A, Zutahi Y, et al.2004. Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on ripening of melting flesh peaches and nectarines[J]. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 31(3): 263-268. [29] Liu M Y, Wu X M, Long J M, et al.2017. Genomic characterization of miR156 and SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like genes in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)[J]. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 130(1): 103-116. [30] Lu S F, Yang C M, Chiang V L.2011. Conservation and Diversity of MicroRNA-associated Copper-regulatory Networks in Populus trichocarpa[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 53(11): 879-891. [31] Manning K, Tor M, Poole M, et al.2006. A naturally occurring epigenetic mutation in a gene encoding an SBP-box transcription factor inhibits tomato fruit ripening[J]. Nature Genetics, 38(8): 948-952. [32] Martin R C, Asahina M, Liu P P, et al.2010. The regulation of post-germinative transition from the cotyledon- to vegetative-leaf stages by microRNA-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN LIKE13 in Arabidopsis[J]. Seed Science Research, 20(2): 89-96. [33] Miura K, Ikeda M, Matsubara A, et al.2010. OsSPL14 promotes panicle branching and higher grain productivity in rice[J]. Nature Genetics, 42(6): 545-549. [34] Moreno M A, Harper L C, Krueger R W, et al.1997. liguleless1 encodes a nuclear-localized protein required for induction of ligules and auricles during maize leaf organogenesis[J]. Genes & Development, 11(5): 616-628. [35] Riese M, Hohmann S, Saedler H, et al.2007. Comparative analysis of the SBP-box gene families in P-patens and seed plants[J]. Gene, 401(1-2): 28-37. [36] Salinas M, Xing S P, Hohmann S, et al.2012. Genomic organization, phylogenetic comparison and differential expression of the SBP-box family of transcription factors in tomato[J]. Planta, 235(6): 1171-1184. [37] Schmid M, Uhlenhaut N H, Godard F, et al.2003. Dissection of floral induction pathways using global expression analysis[J]. Development, 130(24): 6001-6012. [38] Schwarz S, Grande A V, Bujdoso N, et al.2008. The microRNA regulated SBP-box genes SPL9 and SPL15 control shoot maturation in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 67(1): 183-195. [39] Shikata M, Koyama T, Mitsuda N, et al.2009. Arabidopsis SBP-Box genes SPL10, SPL11 and SPL2 control morphological change in association with shoot maturation in the reproductive phase[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 50(12): 2133-2145. [40] Silva G F F E, Silva E M, Azevedo M D, et al.2014. microRNA156-targeted SPL/SBP box transcription factors regulate tomato ovary and fruit development[j]. Plant Journal, 78(4): 604-618. [41] Stone J M, Liang X, Nekl E R, et al.2005. Arabidopsis AtSPL14, a plant-specific SBP-domain transcription factor, participates in plant development and sensitivity to fumonisin B1[J]. Plant Journal, 41(5): 744-754. [42] Tong Z, Gao Z, Wang F, et al.2009. Selection of reliable reference genes for gene expression studies in peach using real-time PCR[J]. BMC Molecular Biology, 10(1): 71. [43] Unte U S, Sorensen A M, Pesaresi P, et al.2003. SPL8, an SBP-Box gene that affects pollen sac development in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant Cell, 15(4): 1009-1019. [44] Wang B J, Wang J, Wang C, et al.2016. Study on expression modes and cleavage role of miR156b/c/d and its target gene Vv-SPL9 during the whole growth stage of grapevine[J]. Journal of Heredity, 107(7): 626-634. [45] Wang H, Nussbaum-Wagler T, Li B L, et al.2005.The origin of the naked grains of maize[J]. Nature, 436(7051): 714-719. [46] Wang J W, Schwab R, Czech B, et al.2008. Dual effects of miR156-targeted SPL genes and CYP78A5/KLUH on plastochron length and organ size in Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Plant Cell, 20(5): 1231-1243. [47] Wang S K, Wu K, Yuan Q B, et al.2012. Control of grain size, shape and quality by OsSPL16 in rice[J]. Nature Genetics, 44(8): 950-954. [48] Wu G, Poethig R S.2006. Temporal regulation of shoot development in Arabidopsis thaliana by miR156 and its target SPL3[J]. Development, 133(18): 3539-3547. [49] Xie K, Wu C, Xiong L.2006. Genomic organization, differential expression, and interaction of SQUAMOSA promoter-binding-like transcription factors and microRNA156 in rice[J]. Plant Physiology, 142(1): 280-293. [50] Xing S P, Salinas M, Hohmann S, et al.2010. miR156-Targeted and Nontargeted SBP-Box Transcription Factors Act in Concert to Secure Male Fertility in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant Cell, 22(12): 3935-3950. [51] Xiong J S, Zheng D, Zhu H Y, et al.2018. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SPL gene family in woodland strawberry Fragaria vesca[J]. Genome, 61(9): 675-683. [52] Yamasaki H, Hayashi M, Fukazawa M, et al.2009. SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like7 is a central regulator for copper homeostasis in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant Cell, 21(1): 347-361. [53] Yamasaki K, Kigawa T, Inoue M, et al.2004. A novel zinc-binding motif revealed by solution structures of DNA-binding domains of Arabidopsis SBP-family transcription factors[J]. Journal of Molecular Biology, 337(1): 49-63. [54] Zhang B, Xu W, Liu X, et al.2017. Functional conservation and divergence among homoeologs of TaSPL20 and TaSPL21, Two SBP-Box genes governing yield-related traits in hexaploid wheat[J]. Plant Physiology, 174(2): 1177-1191. [55] Zhang H X, Jin J H, He Y M, et al.2016. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the SBP-Box Family Genes under Phytophthora capsici Stress in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7: 504.
