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| Proteomic Analysis of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Induced by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici at Telial Stage |
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Abstract Wheat stripe rust or yellow rust, caused by an biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the important epidemic disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in China. Wheat stripe rust in China has shown high levels of genetic diversity and toxicity mutation. Research has shown that sexual reproduction of Pst can result in pathogenic mutation and produce new races. As the start of the sexual stage of wheat stripe rust, teliospore is an essential stage for completing Pst sexual reproduction. To analyse the proteomic changes of wheat leave infected by Pst at telial stage and investigate how the host plant respond to the sporification of teliospore. Proteins were extracted from leaves infected with stripe rust CYR32 and control group using trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/phenol extraction, and then separated by using two-dimensional electeophoresis (2-DE). Using PDQuest software analysis, 22 up-regulated spots (relative expression more than 1.5 folds) were observed in Suwon11 leaves inoculated with stripe rust CYR32 at telial stage. The up-regulated protein spots were selected for Orbitrap analysis and database searching. All these proteins were successfully identified and were mainly involved in glucose metabolism, anti-stress and plant senescence related metabolic pathways. There were 13 proteins involved in glucose metabolism, among which triose phosphate isomerase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were key enzymes in the process of glycolysis, and isocitrate dehydrogenase participates in the Krebs cycle. Five proteins were involved in polysaccharide degradation and related metabolic, with the rest participating in ATP synthesis. There were 6 anti-stress related proteins, mainly involved in the removal of harmful reactive groups and the synthesis of osmolytes. The rest 3 proteins participate in plant senescence related metabolic pathways, among which both ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit and cysteine protease precursor participate in the degradation of macromolecular protein under stress condition. In addition, the S-adenosylmethionine synthase involved in the synthesis of ethylene which played an important role in plant senescence. Proteome-level results was further investigated and confirmed using qRT-PCR and found that 16 protein genes were up-regulated at the transcription level (relative expression more than 1.5 folds). These results showed that the sporulation of Pst teliospores influences the expression of wheat proteins involved in glucose metabolism, anti-stress and plant senescence related metabolic pathways, and it was assumed that the formation of teliospore may be associated with plant senescence. This study provides some theoretical basis for the further insight into the plant-pathogen interaction of wheat stripe rust at telial stage , which is significant for revealing the mechanism of teliospore formation and the comprehensive understanding of sexual stage of Pst.
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Received: 04 December 2015
Published: 06 May 2016
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