Abstract The bait and water quality conditions has important influence on fish producing. In order to explore the effect of different nutrients on several important physiochemical factors of water and the growth of plankton, the variations of dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia (NH3-N), nitrite (NO2-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP ) and plankton community were measured after treating the water with inorganic nutrients (IN), micronutrients additives (MA), complex nutritional preparation (CNP) or no fortification (NF). The results of physiochemical factors showed that the IN were extremely improved by DO, NO2-N, NH3-N and TN content (P＜0.01). However, the MA group of NH3-N was only highly significantly improved (P＜0.01), highly significantly decreased NO2-N (P＜0.01), and other physiochemical factors were not significantly different from the NF group. The prokaryotes denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles showed that the NF group of the most bands in detected 44, secondly for the group of IN (37)and MA(36), and the CNP group at least, only 34. Shannon-wiener diversity index(H') and Pielou evenness index(J) were the highest in NF with 3.78 and 0.91, respectively, and the lowest in CNP was 3.53 and 0.85, respectively. The eukaryotes DGGE profiles showed that the CNP group with the largest number by detected 25, the second of NF group (22) and the third of MA group (21), and the CNP group was the least, only 18. H' and J of the CNP group were the largest by 3.22 and 0.86 respectively, while the IN group was the minimum by 2.89 and 0.77, respectively. The test concluded that TN and TP increased significantly in all the treatment group，hazardous substances and harmful bacteria large increased in group treat with IN, while it showed a decrease in group MA; The CNP group had the highest diversity of plankton. Under this experiment condition, the MA group had effective control on the hazardous substances and harmful bacteria of the water, the CNP group could provide the water with abundance nutrients and improve the culture environment. The experimental results will provide theoretical basis to improve the water ecological environment and health cultivation.
XIE Yong-Bin,NIE Hua-Qi,ZENG Dong, et al. Effect of Complex Nutritional Preparation on the Plankton Community Structure and Water Regulation[J]. , 2016, 24(5): 738-746.
参考文献 [1] 魏国, 高士杰. 简述大水域化肥养鱼技术与管理[J]. 黑龙江水产. 2007, (6):38-44. [2] 汤亚斌, 罗迪武, 荣克明. 施用渔肥对水体浮游动物的影响[J]. 养殖与饲料, 2008, (9): 24-27. [3] 马经安, 李红清. 浅谈国内外江河湖库水体富营养化状况[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2002, 11(6): 575-578. [4] 姜跃峰. 渔池氨氮、亚硝酸盐成因及其对策[C]. 2009江苏省水产学会年会暨学术研讨会论文集. 2009:78-79 [5] 管卫兵, 杨红. 我国内陆水域增殖渔业发展存在的问题[J]. 海洋水产研究, 2005, 26(3): 80-85. [6] 陈爱玲, 李秋芬, 张立通, 等. 添加营养物质提高商品水质净化菌剂净化能力的研究[J]. 水产学报, 2010 (4):581-588. [7] 金满洋, 白维东, 刘根奇, 等. EM活性微生物水产专用肥的应用试验初报[J]. 宁夏农林科技, 2002, (3): 15-17. [8] 雷衍之. 养殖水环境化学实验[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2006. [9] 戴吉胜, 陈贻球, 刘文君等. 异养菌总数检测方法研究[J]. 给水排水, 2007, 33(z1):22-23. [10] 陈天寿. 微生物培养基的制造与使用[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1995. [11] 凌红丽, 陆承平, 陈怀青,等. 嗜水气单胞菌选择培养基鉴别效果的比较[J]. 中国兽药杂志, 1998, (4):6-9. [12] Kobayashi T, Enomoto S, Sakazaki R, et al. A New Selective Isolation Medium for the Vibrio Group:Modified Nakanishi's medium-TCBS agar[J]. Nippon Saikingaku Zasshi, 1963, 18(18):387-92. [13] 李学梅, 余育和, 冯伟松, 等. 转基因鱼试验湖浮游生物群落 DNA 多态性与物种组成关系[J]. 湖泊科学, 2009 (3): 375-381. [14] Diez B, Marsh T L, Massana R. Application of Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to study the diversity of marine picoeukaryotic assemblages and comparison of DGGE with other molecular techniques [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2001, 67(7): 2942-2951. [15] Muyzer G, Dewaal EC, Uitterlinden AG. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chainre action-amplified genes coding for 16S RNA. Appl Environ Microbial, 1993, 59(3): 695-700. [16] Van O, Li D, Jan V. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) increases resolution and information of Alu-directed inter-repeat PCR[J]. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 1997, 11(2):95-101. [17] 王琴, 熊邦喜, 朱玉婷, 等. 主养草鱼池塘三种混养模式下鱼类肠道菌群 PCR-DGGE 比较[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2012, 20(3): 308-315. [18] Shannon C E, Weiner W. The Mathematical Theory of Communication[M]. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. 1949, 25-56. [19] Pielou E C, Ecological diversity. John Wiley＆Sons Inc, 1975. [20] 沈德中. 污染环境的生物修复[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2002:43-49. [21] 李西云, 张恩平, 袁伟, 等. 生物肥料和化肥对小型水库理化性质影响的比较研究[J].信阳农业高等专科学校学报, 2012, 22(4): 109-112. [22] 刘飞, 张凤琴, 赵强忠, 等. 添加枯草芽胞杆菌和营养物净化养殖污水的研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2007, 26(4): 1282-1286. [23] Rapatsa M M, Moyo N A G. Performance evaluation of chicken, cow and pig manure in the production of natural fish food in aquadams stocked with Oreochromis mossambicus[J]. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 2013, 66: 68-74. [24] P D S, O. V. Ecological theory as a foundation to control pathogenic invasion in aquaculture[J]. ISME Journal, 2014, 8(12):2360-2368. [25] 钱伟, 陆开宏, 郑忠明,等. 碳源及C/N对复合菌群净化循环养殖废水的影响[J].水产学报, 2012,36(12):1880-1891 [26] Muyzer G, Dewaal EC, Uitterlinden AG. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chainre action-amplified genes coding for 16S RNA. Appl Environ Microbial, 1993, 59(3): 695-700. [27] Hu X, Liu Q, Li Z, et al. Metabolic and phylogenetic profile of bacterial community in Guishan coastal water (Pearl River Estuary), South China Sea[J]. Journal of Ocean University of China, 2014, 13(5): 857-864. [28] Savin M C, Martin J L, LeGresley M, et al. Plankton diversity in the Bay of Fuady as measured by morphological and molecular methods[J]. Microbial Ecology, 2004. 48(1): 51-65. [29] 黎建斌, 黄光华, 吕敏, 等. 微生物菌肥对鱼苗塘水质和浮游生物的影响[J]. 当代水产, 2012 (10): 44-47. [30] 姚延丹, 李谷, 陶玲, 等. 复合池塘循环水养殖系统微生物群落结构分析[J]. 中国水产科学, 2011, 18(2): 407-415. [31] 江兴龙, 关瑞章, Claude E.Boyd. 应用矿物盐改良池塘水质的研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 2009, 33(6):1059-1067. [32] 肖国华, 高晓田, 赵振良, 等. 一种复合微生态制剂对养殖水体中生物因子的影响[J]. 微生物学通报, 2013, 40(7): 1154-1162. [33] 王学文, 杨绍耿. 不同添加剂的渔用肥对浮游植物生长的影响[J]. 水利渔业, 1997(1): 11-13. [34] 彭坤辉, 周兰, 周贤君. 微生态营养素对鱼苗池浮游生物的影响[J]. 饲料工业, 2012 (2): 60-64. [35] 孙卫明, 董双林, 赵夕旦, 等. 不同施肥组合对盐碱地凡纳滨对虾池塘中浮游生物的影响[J].中国水产科学, 2007, 14(7):30-33.
